Its chemical formula is CaSO 4 • 2H 2 O. After scrapping the surface litter, a uniform core or a thin slice of soil from the surface to plough depth (15 to 22 cm deep) from 15 to 20 spots should be taken. The world’s largest producer of gypsum is the United States. Some bauxite derived from basaltic rocks contains large amount of Titania. The intermediate layer in which the materials leached from horizon ' A' have been re-deposited is known as horizon ' B' or the horizon of illuviation. The main functions of water in the soil are as follows: Oxygen is essential for all biological reactions occurring in soil. Peaty soils are found more in Kerala and marshy soils are found more in coastal tracks of Orissa, West Bengal and South - East coast of Tamilnadu. From the results of analysis of soil samples sent by the farmer and information sheet supplied by him, soil test reports are prepared in the laboratories. Khan) and is located in Domanda Formation and occasionally in Drazinda Formation. Zinda Pir depositsapproachable by Sori Nala.18-20Km West of Shadan Lund Railway Station. Patala Formation which contains the major coal deposits in the Central and Eastern Salt Range consists of dark grey, fossilliferous shale inter bedded with white quartgose sand stone, siltstone, marl and limestone. Growth of plant get affected mainly due to nutritional imbalance. There are other places in the Salt Range where different types of rocks have been quarried for use as road blast aggregate stone, etc. A spot visit by The Tribune team today found that the entire area allocated for unloading of gypsum at the ICP was waterlogged. Also limestone, in raw and crushed from, in Districts of Attock, Rawalpindi, Jhelum, Chakwal, Khushab, Mianwali, and D.G.Khan is being used as building stone. Some of these organisms are visible to naked eye where as others can be seen by microscope only. The deposits of gypsum also occur in the Salt Range in District of Jhelum, Chakwal, Khushab and Mianwali. If the requirement is 5 or more tonnes/ acre - apply in 3 split doses. Both gravel and sand are used as construction material. which distinguish from one horizon to another. Ferruginous pisolitic clayey Laterite, 15 to 25 feet thick. Drainage channels must be arranged around the field. Such spots may be old bunds, marshy spots, hedges, areas previously occupied by compost heaps, etc. Barley, Sugarbeet, Cotton, Sugarcane, Mustard, Rice, Maize, Redgram, Greengram, Sunflower, Linseed, Sesame, Bajra, Sorghum, Tomato, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Cucumber, Pumpkin, Bitterguard. Application. Most of the well know deposits of Celestite are of this type. Soils, Cal., Dr6, e3, mod. But MOP is better than K2So4 because Cl of MOP replaces -OH ions, their by release of -OH ions tends to increase the PH. Cosmetics, mud packs, sunburn paint, face creams, pharmacy, calamine, lotion colloidal iodine preparations, wet compresses mercury and zinc pastes and salves. It is a mineral of clay family. Soils, Cal., Dr5, e1(Ustic Haplocambids) / C.L. In the United States, gypsum deposits are distributed in 22 states with a total of 69 mines, with the largest producing area in Fort Dodge, Iowa, followed by Canada. It is one of the important property of soil, since it influences aeration, permeability and water capacity. The soil in each of these horizons is usually uniformly developed and presents a more or less homogeneous character. Kheri Murat Range and Kala Chitta Ranges give similar appearance where pisolitic bauxite deposits are know to occur. Typical leaf burn in annuals and woody plants due to excess of chloride and sodium. Dolomite, when pure, has equal parts of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. Soils, Cal., Dr4, e1, (Fluventic Ustochrepts)/ F.L. Besides oxides and hydroxides of iron and alumind, they may contain appreciable qualities of silica and minor titanium or other oxides. Soils, Cal., Dr6, e3, mod. Due to high EC germination % of seeds is reduced. Coal occurs in the Patala Formation. Bauxite is principal commercial source of aluminium. Chemically, it is hydrated alumina with chemical formula AL2O3.2H2O. Growing the green manure crops and incorporate in the field. (For best experience, switch to Google Chrome or Mozilla FIrefox with resolution 1366 x 768 or higher. The excessive irrigation of uplands containing salts results in the accumulation of salts in the valleys. Gypsum deposits occur in many countries, but Spain, Thailand, the United States, Turkey, and Russia are among the leading producers. This area is trapezoidal in shape with a length of 6.5 Km (east-west) and width (North-South) ranging from one Km to 3.5 Km. Gypsum is a naturally forming non-metallic mineral, found as a rock or sand composed of 70.1% calcium sulphate and 20.9% water by weight. During the relatively short period that soil testing service has been in operation in this country a large number of soil samples have been analyzed in various laboratories. Powdered Celestite is used as filler in white paint, as a substitute for barite, as rubber filler, and in oil drilling mud. Production of Gypsum in Rajasthan and Gujarat in India (2015-2016 to 2017-2018) Category/Industry-wise Consumption of Gypsum in India (2008-2009 to 2015-2016) Selected State/Grade-wise Reserves/Resources of Gypsum in India (As on 01.04.2015) Month-wise Production of Gypsum in India (January 1988 to December 2013) Its calorific value in BTU varies from 7100 to 11100. Soils, Cal., Dr5, e1, (Typic Ustochrepts)/ Sandy over loamy Soils, Cal., Dr6, e1 (Typic Ustochrepts), C.L. Protozoa and nematodes are the significant soil micro fauna where as the earthworms, moles and ants constitutes soil macro fauna. n H2 O when a is 8. The excessive irrigation of uplands containing Na salts results in the accumulation of salts in the valleys. Each layer or horizon develops specific morphological features such as the size and shape of particles, their arrangement, colour, consistence etc. Strontium salts are used also in desaceharizing beet-sugar molasses, and as a purifying flux in metallurgy. Many brick factories were observed in or near the study area. Organic carbon (as a measure of available nitrogen), critical for growth of the sensitive crops, C.L. Doya-Lunda, Normia and Punnu (Near coal mines of Mulla Khel) and near Burikhel in District Mianwali. Red colour is due to various oxides of iron. Coal seam ranging in thickness from few inches to a maximum of five feet is available in the whole Salt Range. This limestone has a very attractive pinkish color, which makes it popular. The plants and animals grown in weathered material and the organic residues left behind decay with time and become an integral part of the soil. In coastal areas if the soil contains carbonates the ingression of sea water leads to the formation of alkali soils due to formation of sodium carbonates. The iron ore deposits are located very close to Chiniot town where all the infrastructure facilities are available. Deposits are reported to occur near Bagh Nilab, Tanewala Magar, Ganji Bhal, Mirza, Kawah, Kheramar, Jhalar, and Hassan Abdal. Dicalcium phosphate ( DCP), Tricalcium phosphate (TCP). A not-for-profit trade association founded in 1930, promoting the use of gypsum while advancing the development, growth, and general welfare of the gypsum industry in the United States and Canada on behalf of its member companies Saline soils of south-western Punjab are of recent origin resulting from surface flooding and or rise in the ground water. Its specific gravity is 2-2.6. Soils, Cal., Dr5, e1(Ustic Haplocambids) / Sandy soils, Cal., Dr7, e1(Ustic Torripsamments), C.L. Development of thicker layer of surface wax imparts bluish green tinge on leaves. This sand is mixed with silty/clayey material and is generally used for filling purposes in construction work or in embankment of road works. The limestone deposits are also found abundantly in District of Attock, Rawalpindi, Jhelum, Chakwal, Khushab and Mianwali. It is used in different forms for various purposes such as: Silica and other mineral paints in foundries, water paints, polishes, valve-grinding pastes. In some chalk, remains of micro-organisms constitute more than one third of the rocks. Although iron is found in a number of minerals including sulphides, oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and silicate, the ores of iron are restricted to hematite, magnetite and siderite. Amendments used for reclamation of Alkali soils. In nature however, calcium carbonate predominates, and dolomite has clay, sand and other impurities. The silica sand deposits are found in Western Salt Range in Datta Formation of Jurassic age in Dhak-Pass and Thatti areas near Musakhel, in Surghar Range at Chapri, Kutki, Narmia and Mulla Khel areas (Makarwal) near Kalabagh in Mianwali Distt. Lime as reclaiming agent : Lsime is added to neutralize acidity and to increase the PH, so that the availability of nutrients will be increased. Basic slag obtained from Iron and steel industry can be substituted for lime. These soils are distributed in Indo-Gangetic plains, Brahmaputra valley and all most all states of North and South. Soils, Cal., Dr5, e1, mod. Bauxite in nature is found in the form of two minerals i.e. Soil test information is then used along with an evaluation of specific crop requirements, cropping history and physical characteristics of the soil for determining the exact amounts of different nutrients and soil amendments, if any, needed for a certain crop or cropping sequence. In a very friable soil, a large spoon can also be used. It is slightly soluble in water. Soils, Cal., Dr4, S2, N2 (Typic Ustochrepts), F.L. "It is the vertical section of the soil through all its horizons from the surface to the unaffected parent materials". These deposits especially found in Surgher Range are believed to be extensive and suitable for the manufacturing of all types glass. Chalk is used for cements, powders (as soft abrasive and polishers) crayons and fertilizers. In a hard soil, a small pit of about 15 cm x 15 cm and of about 15 cm in depth be made. Permian coal deposits in the Western Salt Range near Buri Khel village of District Mianwali are generally discontinuous and of poor quality. In kala Chitta Range, District Attock, calcite is found in abundance in pure form. Gypsum is a mineral found in crystal as well as masses called gypsum rock. In Pakistan, natural gas was discovered in 1952 at Sui, Balochistan. Its calorific value varies between 9500 BTU to 11850 BTU. The sediments are composed of silt or clay sized detrital particles. grade gypsum in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab. Rainfall : In areas with more than 100 cm rainfall associated with high R.H ---- Ca, Mg is dissolved in water and leached out due to this base saturation of soil decreases. At least five principal isolated outcrops and several insignificant exposures are present. Red soils occurs extensively in Andhra Pradesh , Assam, Bihar, Goa, Parts of kerala, Maharastra, Karnataka, Tamilnadu and West Bengal. The rocks of kirana group can be placed in the late Pre-Cambrian age. In the same District Ferruginous shale containing irregular layers of pisolitic material, having a total thickness of 40 to 50 feet in places, is found in the upper part of the koto Formation in the Kala Chitta Range. Dominated by carbonate and bicarbonate ions and high exchangeable sodium. Soils, Cal., Dr4 (Typic Ustochrepts)/ C.L. over sandy Soils, Cal., Dr5, F1, (Typic Ustifluvents), Sandy Soils, Cal., Dr7, e2, (Typic Ustipsamments)/ C.L. Gypsum and anhydrite deposits in Salt Range area, Punjab, Pakistan. The mineral is used as a raw material in the synthesis of alum and extracting alumina, manufacturing of alumina/aluminium metal, aluminium compounds, refractories, furnace lining and as abrasives. Acts as an agent in photosynthesis process. The main source of soil organic matter is plant tissue. soils, Cal., Dr4, S2, N1(Ustic Haplocambids), C.L. In arid and semi arid areas salt formed during weathering are not fully leached. It is one of the most important members of the evaporate series of minerals. Argillaceous Clays pertains to rocks or sediments composed of clay minerals or having a significant amount of clay in their composition. This group of soils occur in Himalayas. In order to function as a medium for plant growth, soil must contain some water. soils, Cal., Dr5, e1 (Typic Ustorthents), C.L. As a result of retarded growth rate, leaves and stems of affected plants are stunted. Shujaat enterprises ntn:3181287 gst :17-00-9800-069-91 dear sir we are shujaat enterprises karachi is govt registerd firm which deals in coal n gypsum for cement n power plant in pakistan. Coal is the general name for the naturally occurring commonly stratified rocklike brown to black derivative of forest vegetation that accumulated initially in sedimentary rocks. Red soil is particularly rich in potash and is found in northern and central India. The Silica Sand held in the Surghar Range runs from Capri village to Malla Khel in the east-west trending mountains along the soulern escarpment faces. First part indicates results of analyses of the soil sample. In cracks and cavities in rocks of varying ages but principally of sedimentary origin. Silica Sand deposits are found at some location from Moza Bazar to Kala Bagh (District Mianwali) in the western Salt Range. The said Crush market fulfils almost whole of the demand of the southern Punjab. Soils, Cal., Dr5, e2 (Dystric Euthrochrepts), C.L. The thickness of the beds ranges from 0.25 meters to more than 5 meters. To leach out the soluble sodium from the field. soils, Dr4, S2, N3 (Ustic Haplocambids), Block like - Angular or sub- angular types. MINERALS OF DIFFERENT PROVINCES BALOCHISTAN is the richest province around 80 to 85% minerals present here. The name Punjab itself means, “Land of the Five Rivers” It has its origin from the Persian words panj (five) and ab (river). These soils are light textured with porous structure. Calcium Ammonium Nitrate ( CAN) is suitable to acid soils. Cowpea, Soybean, Cotton, Wheat, Oat, Peas, Tomato, Sorghum. Soils, Cal., Dr5, e2, (Typic Ustochrepts)/ Stratified C.L. Soils, Dr5, e1 (Typic Ustifluvents), F.L. over Sandy Soils, Cal., Dr5, (Typic Ustifluvents), F.L. If the requirement is 3 to 5 tonnes/acre- …